The electrical system in ordinary cars is based on the electricity that is issued by the work of a special generator, which rotates through a belt connected to the primary engine, to provide the electrical current that the car’s components need to work properly.

It is obvious that the capacity of this generator will decrease if the belt loosens over time or the generator breaks down.

Electrical energy is stored in the battery.  If its charge is insufficient, a symbol will light up in the instrument panel

Each part that consumes electrical current is equipped with a protection fuse, or what is generally known as a fuse
 To prevent fire or damage to the electrical system.
 
 However, if there is a defect in that part that consumes electricity, or if any electrical unit stops working completely,
 The fuse, which may have failed, must be checked, and of course all battery components must be checked, especially before the summer arrives.

Picture of a faulty fuse assembly

Picture of a healthy fuse assembly

The battery is the foundation of the electrical system

Modern car batteries are covered on the outside with plastic, while on the inside they are divided into cells
 It is filled with an electrically conductive liquid of sulfuric acid.
 This solution reacts with the plates (metal plates containing lead).
 To provide a 12-volt electrical current to operate the car and its parts.
 
 The current passes from the positive pole of the battery through the car’s electrical circuits until it reaches the negative pole of the battery.
 Most importantly, most modern batteries are of the sealed type, which does not require maintenance.
 It has a means for the battery charge status located on the upper surface, or what is known as the “green eye”.
 
 However, batteries with covers are more commonly used, and in this type the cells must be filled with solution periodically.
 It is necessary to warn against contact of burning battery acid with skin and clothing because of its extreme danger.
 
 An insufficiently charged or poorly made battery makes it difficult to start the engine, especially during cold weather.
 Freezing can easily damage the battery.  If the battery is bad, it must be replaced to solve the problem.

Auxiliary battery

In the event of the battery dying and a complete outage in the middle of the road,
 The quickest and best solution is to start the car by connecting it to another battery

to do this. Follow next steps:

• Connect the positive terminal, P or +, of the dead battery to the red cable and pay attention to the position of the electrode. Connect the negative terminal, N, or – of the dead battery, to the black cable.
• Attach the other end of the red cable to the positive P or + terminal of the second battery, and attach the black cable to the hood or anywhere else where the cable comes into contact with the negative N or – terminal of the battery.

It is always best to check the following items:

• Battery fluid level: Add distilled water as needed.
• Tighten the alternator belt.
• The battery cables are securely fixed in their positions.
• Charging indicator while the engine is running.